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Jury rigging refers to makeshift repairs or temporary contrivances, made with only the tools and materials that happen to be on hand, originally a nautical term. On sailing ships, a jury rig is a replacement mast and yards (which hold the ship's rigging) improvised in case of damage or loss of the original mast. == Etymology == The phrase "jury rigged" has been in use since at least 1788.〔''The Oxford English Dictionary, Volume V, H-K'' (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1933; corrected reprinting 1966), 637.〕 The adjectival use of "jury", in the sense of makeshift or temporary, has been said to date from at least 1616 when it supposedly appeared in John Smith's ''A Description of New England''.〔 However, the word "jury" does not appear in the digital form of this document, as edited by Paul Royster of the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. 〔Captain and Admiral John Smith, and Paul Royster, ed., ''A Description of New England (1616): An Online Electronic Text Edition, Electronic Texts in American Studies. Paper 4.'' (Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 1616;2013) University of Nebraska-Lincoln digital republication. (())〕 It appeared in Smith's more extensive ''The General History of Virginia, New-England, and the Summer Isles'' published in 1624.〔Captaine Iohn Smith, ''The Generall Historie of Virginia, New-England, and the Summer Isles'' (London: Michael Sparkes, 1624; 2006 UNC digital republication), 223. ((Online edition. ))〕〔Note that in the orthography of Early Modern English 'I' was often used in place of 'J', thus the actual quote from Smith(1624) reads, "...we had re-accommodated a Iury-mast to returne for Plimoth..."〕 There are several theories about the origin of this usage of "jury": *From the Latin ''adjutare'' ("to aid") via Old French ''ajurie'' ("help or relief").〔Robert K. Barnhart, ed., ''Barnhart dictionary of etymology'', (New York: H. W. Wilson Company, 1988), 560.〕 *A corruption of joury mast—i.e. a mast for the day, a temporary mast, being a spare used when the mast has been carried away. (From French ''jour'', "a day".)〔E. Cobham Brewer 1810–1897. Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 1898.〕 *Contraction in the nautical tradition for ''injury'' 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Jury rigging」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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